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PORA
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PORA! (Ukrainian: ПОРА!), meaning IT'S TIME! in Ukrainian, is a civic youth organization (Black Pora!) and political party in Ukraine (Yellow Pora!) espousing nonviolent resistance and advocating increased national democracy. The group was established in 2004 (as only a civic youth organization) to coordinate young people's opposition to the Kuchma government in opposition to what they claimed was the authoritarian governing style of Ukraine's president Leonid Kuchma. After the Orange Revolution Pora! split up in two different identity's, Black Pora! and Yellow Pora!
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[edit] The civic youth organization
Pora! was inspired and partly trained by members of the Serbian Otpor movement which helped bring down President Slobodan Milošević, and is also allied to related movements throughout Eastern Europe, including Kmara in the republic of Georgia (itself partly responsible for the downfall of President Eduard Shevardnadze), Zubr in Belarus (opposing President Alexander Lukashenko), Oborona in Russia, and MJAFT! in Albania.
According to Pora! has never received U.S. funding and that while 10 members traveled to Serbia in the spring of 2004 and met with Otpor leaders at a seminar in the city of Novi Sad, they paid for themselves.
Pora! supported Viktor Yushchenko in protests following the disputed 2004 presidential election. It claimed to have about 10,000 members. Its methods have apparently been influenced by Gene Sharp's manual From Dictatorship to Democracy. Apart from the mass demonstrations of the "Orange Revolution", the group's tactics have included the use of visually striking posters showing confrontational images such as a giant boot crushing a cockroach, and stickers with "revolutionary" slogans such as "Time to Arise!". Not surprisingly, this has aroused the ire of the Ukrainian authorities and Pora! activists have often been harassed and arrested. Pora! was seen as being on the radical wing of the reform movement.
[edit] The split
Since the success of the Orange Revolution in defeating election fraud, Pora has formally split into two branches with different goals for the future. The difference, however, always existed without being publicly known, between the original Black Pora! - a student movement associated with civic resistance and anti-Kuchma campaigns and the Yellow Pora! - organized by a group of politicians more closely connected to oppositional parties in the Parliament - such as Nasha Ukraina (Our Ukraine) of Viktor Yuschenko and PRP (Reform and Order Party). Yellow Pora, is focused on spreading its "revolution" to other countries, particularly Belarus and Russia. Black Pora, functions mainly as a pro-democracy watchdog trying to clean Ukraine of 'Kuchmizm' (i.e. the legacy of the former authoritarian President Leonid Kuchma) and does not see the possibility of exporting its experience to other countries. Black Pora! remains a non-partizan movement and has formally registered as an NGO - All-Ukrainian Civic Organization Pora! Part of its public campaigns - such as the one aimed at pressuring major political parties to clean their electoral lists of notorious personalities - connected to the old regime or having criminal background. At the March 26, 2006 Parliamentary elections Black Pora changed it's name to 'Opora'(Foundation).
[edit] The political party
| Yellow Pora! громадянська партія ПОРА |
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|---|---|---|---|
 |
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| Leader | |||
| Founded | |||
| Headquarters | Kyiv, Ukraine | ||
| Political Ideology | Liberalism | ||
| International Affiliation | None | ||
| Colours | Yellow | ||
| Website | http://www.pora.org.ua/ | ||
| See also | Politics of Ukraine |
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Now Yellow Pora! is a Ukrainian political party. Yellow Pora was united with Party Reform and Order and founded bloc PRP-PORA for the parliamentary elections 2006. Vitali Klitschko was the head of this political bloc. At the parliamentary elections on 26 March 2006, this alliance won 1,47 % of the popular vote and no seats. The alliance was disbanded after the election when the party's became members of different electoral alliances.
In the parliamentary elections on 30 September 2007, the party was part of the Our Ukraine alliance, which won 72 out of 450 seats.
[edit] See also
- Nonviolence
- Nonviolent Resistance
- Liberalism
- Contributions to liberal theory
- Liberalism worldwide
- List of liberal parties
- Liberal democracy
- Liberalism in Ukraine
- Liberal revolutionary movements in post-communist Eastern Europe
- Ukrainian parliamentary election, 2006
[edit] External links
- (Ukrainian) (English) Yellow Pora official site
- (Ukrainian)From Dictatorship to Democracy, by Gene Sharp
- (English)From Dictatorship to Democracy, by Gene Sharp.
- (English) Ukraine: The Resistance Will Not Stop - Radio Netherlands interview of a Pora activist
- (French) Ukraine: le groupe pro-US Pora - French article criticizing Pora
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